Manager Hao (pre oxygenation thread): 13831164999
Manager Shi (pre oxygenation wire): 17332928150
Manager Gu (Pre oxygenation Silk): 13833138900
Manager Zhao (woven fabric, pre impregnated fabric, prefabricated body): 15028196018
Manager Zhang (woven fabric, axial fabric): 13703314888
Manager Zhao (Composite Products): 13944687090
Address: 226 Shifu East Road, Gaocheng District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province
Carbon fiber is a high-performance fiber material composed primarily of carbon atoms (typically over 90% carbon content by weight), with diameters ranging from 5 to 10 micrometers, featuring an atomic structure of graphite-like microcrystals arranged along the fiber axis, and boasting an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, along with high rigidity, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability.
Basic Definition and Structure
Carbon fiber is a thin, cylindrical filament mainly made of carbon atoms, with a diameter of approximately 5–10 micrometers. Its atomic structure consists of graphene sheets (hexagonally arranged carbon atoms) stacked in a turbostratic (non-parallel, disordered) manner along the fiber axis, held together by weak van der Waals forces. The alignment of these crystals parallel to the fiber’s length gives carbon fiber its outstanding tensile strength and stiffness. Based on carbon content and heat treatment, it can be divided into carbon fiber (90–99% carbon, treated below 2000°C) and graphite fiber (over 99% carbon, treated above 2000°C, with higher conductivity).
Manufacturing Process
Precursor Selection: About 90% of commercial carbon fibers use polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the primary precursor; other precursors include pitch and rayon.
Spinning: The precursor is spun into continuous filaments.
Stabilization: PAN filaments are heated to 200–300°C in air to oxidize and stabilize the structure, preventing melting during subsequent high-temperature processing.
Carbonization: Stabilized fibers are heated to 1000–1500°C in an inert atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen) to remove non-carbon elements (oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen), increasing carbon content to 90% or higher and aligning carbon atoms into a graphite-like structure.
Graphitization (Optional): For higher modulus and conductivity, fibers are heated to 2000–3000°C to further align the crystal structure.
Surface Treatment and Sizing: The fiber surface is treated to enhance adhesion with resins, then coated with a protective sizing (e.g., PVA) before being wound into tows (bundles of thousands of filaments).
Key Properties
High Strength-to-Weight Ratio: Tensile strength is significantly higher than steel (up to 7 GPa or more), while density is about 1.7–2.0 g/cm³ (much lower than steel’s 7.8 g/cm³).
High Stiffness: High Young’s modulus (200–700 GPa), providing excellent rigidity with minimal deformation under load.
Corrosion Resistance: Resistant to most chemicals, suitable for harsh environments.
Thermal Stability: Low coefficient of thermal expansion and can withstand temperatures up to 2000°C in inert atmospheres.
Fatigue Resistance: Superior to many metals under cyclic tensile and flexural loads, though it can fail suddenly without yielding.
Common Applications
Carbon fiber is typically used as a reinforcement in composites (e.g., carbon fiber-reinforced polymer, CFRP) by combining it with resins (e.g., epoxy) to form rigid, lightweight parts. Key application areas include:
Aerospace and Defense: Aircraft/spacecraft components (e.g., wings, fuselages), rocket nozzles, and satellite structures, leveraging weight reduction and high strength.
Automotive: Racing car bodies, high-performance vehicle parts, and electric vehicle components to improve efficiency and handling.
Sports Equipment: Golf club shafts, bicycle frames, fishing rods, and tennis rackets, offering a blend of light weight and stiffness.
Civil Engineering: Strengthening bridges, buildings, and infrastructure for seismic reinforcement and durability.
Other: Medical devices (e.g., prosthetics), industrial machinery, and consumer electronics (e.g., laptop casings) for weight savings and structural integrity.
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Ltd. All rights reserved.
Manager Hao (Pre-oxidized Fiber): 13831164999,hjh@hbtangu.com
Manager Shi (Pre-oxidized Fiber): 17332928150,sj@hbtangu.com
Manager Gu (Pre-oxidized Fiber): 13833138900
Manager Zhao (Woven Cloth, Prepreg Cloth, Preform): 15028196018,zb@hbtangu.com
Manager Zhang (Woven Cloth, Axial Cloth): 13703314888
Manager Zhao (Composite Products): 13944687090, zqy@hbtangu.com
Email: hbtg@hbtangu.com
Address: No. 226, East Shifu Road, Gaocheng District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province
